Universal Design for Learning
A framework for designing flexible instruction that accommodates all learners from the start.
What is UDL?
Universal Design for Learning (UDL) is a framework developed by CAST that guides the design of learning experiences to proactively meet the needs of all learners. Rather than retrofitting accommodations, UDL builds flexibility into the curriculum from the start.
Three Principles
Multiple Means of Engagement — the 'why' of learning. Provide options for self-regulation, sustaining effort, and recruiting interest.
Multiple Means of Representation — the 'what' of learning. Present information in multiple formats (visual, auditory, text, hands-on).
Multiple Means of Action and Expression — the 'how' of learning. Allow students to demonstrate knowledge in different ways.
UDL in Practice
A UDL-aligned lesson might offer a reading passage, an audio recording, and a video on the same topic (representation), let students choose between a written essay, oral presentation, or visual project (expression), and include both collaborative and independent work options (engagement).